Panic Disorder in Children Treatment

What are the signs of panic disorder in children?

Panic attacks involve a combination of physical, emotional, and cognitive symptoms. They may last for several minutes and can happen unexpectedly.

Physical Symptoms

• Rapid heartbeat or chest pain

• Shortness of breath or a feeling of being unable to breathe

• Dizziness, lightheadedness, or feeling faint

• Sweating, hot flushes, or chills

• Nausea or stomach discomfort

• Numbness or tingling (especially in hands or feet)

• Shaking or trembling

Emotional and Cognitive Symptoms

• Sudden and intense fear or dread

• Feeling disconnected from reality (derealisation) or from themselves (depersonalisation)

• Fear of “going crazy,” losing control, or dying

• Constant worry about having another panic attack

Patterns of Panic Disorder

• Panic attacks often occur without a clear trigger

• Children may begin to avoid certain situations or places for fear of another attack (this avoidance can develop into agoraphobia)

• They may feel constantly on edge, worrying about when the next attack might happen

How is panic disorder treated in children?

Panic disorder is treatable, and many children improve significantly with the right support. Treatment typically includes:

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
A highly effective treatment that helps children understand what panic attacks are, reduce the fear of them, and learn how to manage the symptoms. CBT may include:

• Psychoeducation – helping children understand how panic works in the body

• Cognitive restructuring – challenging unhelpful thoughts about panic

• Interoceptive exposure – gently and safely exposing children to the physical sensations they fear, to reduce avoidance

Relaxation Techniques
Breathing exercises, grounding strategies, and muscle relaxation can help manage panic symptoms when they arise.

Medication
In more severe or persistent cases, medication (such as SSRIs) may be recommended alongside therapy to reduce symptoms and prevent panic attacks.