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Allergic Reaction Treatment for Children

This page has been medically reviewed by Dr Gabriel Chain, March 2025.

What is an allergic reaction?

An allergic reaction occurs when a child’s immune system overreacts to a harmless substance, such as food, medication, insect stings, or environmental allergens. These reactions can range from mild to severe and require immediate attention.

What are the symptoms of an allergic reaction?

Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include:

  • Mild Reactions: Hives, sneezing, itching, watery eyes.
  • Severe Reactions (Anaphylaxis): Swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing, abdominal pain, vomiting, dizziness, or a sudden drop in blood pressure. Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention.

Common causes of allergic reactions in children include:

  • Foods: Peanuts, tree nuts, milk, eggs, shellfish, and wheat are common triggers.
  • Medications: Antibiotics like penicillin are frequent culprits.
  • Insect stings: Bee, wasp, or ant stings can cause localised or systemic reactions.
  • Environmental allergens: Pollen, pet dander, or mould are common triggers for respiratory or skin reactions.

How is an allergic reaction treated?

Treatment depends on severity:

  • Mild Reactions: Antihistamines to reduce itching and swelling.
  • Moderate Reactions: Corticosteroids or stronger medications.
  • Severe Reactions: Administering epinephrine (EpiPen) and seeking emergency medical care.

For children with known allergies, an allergist may recommend an allergy action plan, which includes strategies to avoid triggers, emergency response steps, and carrying necessary medications. 

How we can help

Kidswell Health’s allergy specialists provide expert care in diagnosing and managing allergic reactions. From allergy testing to personalised action plans, our team ensures your child is protected and well-prepared.

Additional Resources

NHS

British Red Cross: first aid for a child having a severe allergic reaction

Disclaimer: Information contained on this page is intended as general advice and does not replace a medical assessment. If you are concerned about your child’s health, please contact your doctor for advice. In an emergency or for urgent care, call 999 or visit your local A&E.

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